不同铁源及水平对妊娠母猪铁营养状况和抗氧化性能的影响

Effects of Different Iron Sources and Levels on Iron Nutritional Status and Antioxidant Properties of Pregnant Sows

本试验旨在研究不同铁源及水平对妊娠母猪血液理化指标、初乳铁、胎盘铁含量及抗氧化性能的影响。试验选取3～4胎次、预产期前28天“长×大”二元杂交母猪45头，随机分为9组，每组5个重复。对照组饲喂基础饲粮；试验组在对照组的基础上分别添加50、80、110、140 mg/kg（以铁计）的甘氨酸铁（Fe-Gly）和一水合硫酸亚铁（FeSO4·H2O），试验期28 d。结果表明：1）饲粮添加Fe-Gly和FeSO4·H2 O均能显著提高母猪红细胞（RBC）计数和血红蛋白（HGB）含量（P＜0.05）；与FeSO4·H2O 组相比，Fe-Gly组有提高母猪 HGB 含量的趋势（P＝0.098）。2）添加Fe-Gly和FeSO4·H2O均可显著提高母猪铁蛋白（FE）和血清铁（SI）含量（P＜0.05），显著降低总铁结合力（TIBC）（P＜0.05），Fe-Gly效果优于FeSO4·H2O。3）添加Fe-Gly和FeSO4· H2O均可显著提高母猪初乳铁含量（ P＜0.05）；与FeSO4·H2O组相比，Fe-Gly组显著提高了母猪的初乳铁含量和胎盘铁含量（P＜0.05）。4）添加Fe-Gly和FeSO4·H2O均可显著提高母猪血清总抗氧化能力（T-AOC）、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶（GSH-Px）和超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）活性（P＜0.05），降低丙二醛（MDA）含量（P＜0.05），相同铁添加水平下，Fe-Gly效果优于FeSO4·H2O。综上所述，本试验条件下，不同铁源及水平均对妊娠母猪铁营养状况和抗氧化性能有显著影响，其中添加Fe-Gly效果优于FeSO4·H2O。以母猪HGB含量为标准，综合本试验其他指标，母猪适宜的Fe-Gly和FeSO4·H2O添加水平（以铁计）分别为80和110 mg/kg。

This experiment was conducted to study the effects of different iron sources and levels on blood physiological and biochemical parameters, colostrous and placental iron content, serum antioxidant properties of pregnant sows.Forty-five pregnancy sows （Landrace×Yorkshire） with similar parity （3 to 4 fetal） at 28 days prior to farrowing were randomly divided into 9 groups with 5 replicates per group.The control group was fed a basal diet, and the experimental groups were fed the basal diet supplemented （calculated as iron）with 50, 80, 110 and 140 mg /kg glycine iron （Fe-Gly） or ferrous sulfate （FeSO4 ·H2 O） for 28 day, respectively.The results showed as follows： 1） Fe-Gly or FeSO4·H2O supplemented diet significantly increased red blood cell （RBC） count and hemoglobin （HGB） content （P〈0.05） of sow.The HGB content of Fe-Gly group tended to be increased compared with FeSO4 · H2 O group （P =0.098）.2） Fe-Gly or FeSO4·H2O supplemented diet significantly improved the contents of serum ferritin （FE） and serum iron （SI） of sows, however, significantly decreased total iron binding capacity （TIBC） （P〈0.05）, and the effect of Fe-Gly was better than that of FeSO4· H2 O.3）Fe-Gly or FeSO4 ·H2 O supplemented diet significantly improved colostrous iron content（P〈0.05）.Fe-Gly supplemented diet increased the colostrous iron and placental iron content compared with the FeSO4 · H2 O group （P〈0.05）.4） Fe-Gly or FeSO4· H2 O supplemented diet significantly improved serum total antioxidant capacity （T-AOC）, glutathione peroxidase （GSH-Px） and superoxide dismutase （SOD） activities （P 〈0.05）,the malondialdehyde （MDA） content in serum was significantly decreased （P〈0.05）.At the same level, the effect of Fe-Gly was better than that of FeSO4 · H2 O.In conclusion, different iron sources and levels have significant influence on iron nutritional status and serum antioxidant properties of sows in the present study, and the effect of that of Fe-Gly was better than FeSO4 · H2 O.According to the HGB content of sows, and taking other indicators into consideration, the suitable levels （calculated as iron） of Fe-Gly and FeSO4 ·H2O in diet of sows are 80 and 110 mg /kg, respectively.