发酵棉籽粕部分替代鱼粉对黑鲷幼鱼生长性能、体成分及血浆生化指标的影响

Effects of Partial Replacement of Fish Meal by Fermented Cottonseed Meal on Growth Performance,Body Composition and Plasma Biochemical Indices of Juvenile Black Sea Bream

本试验旨在研究发酵棉籽粕部分替代鱼粉对黑鲷幼鱼生长性能、体成分和血浆生化指标的影响。选用初重为(9.20±0.22)g的黑鲷幼鱼400尾,随机分为4组,每组5个重复,每个重复20尾。4组试验鱼分别饲喂以0、8%、16%和24%的发酵棉籽粕替代基础饲料中鱼粉的等氮等能试验饲料,并分别命名为FCM0(对照)、FCM8、FCM16和FCM24组。每天投喂饲料2次(07:00和16:00),并记录投喂量和鱼死亡情况。试验期为60 d。结果表明:与对照组相比,FCM 24组试验鱼的增重率和特定生长率显著降低(P<0.05),而其他试验组(FCM 8、FCM 16组)的各生长性能指标均未见显著差异(P>0.05)。发酵棉籽粕替代鱼粉组黑鲷幼鱼的肝体比和肥满度较对照组差异不显著(P>0.05),而FCM24组黑鲷幼鱼鱼体粗灰分含量显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。FCM24组黑鲷幼鱼血浆中碱性磷酸酶活性与对照组相比显著降低(P<0.05);其他试验组(FCM8、FCM16组)与对照组相比,血浆中谷丙转氨酶、谷草转氨酶、碱性磷酸酶、超氧化物歧化酶和溶菌酶的活性均无显著差异(P>0.05)。由此可知,发酵棉籽粕可在黑鲷幼鱼饲料中最高添加至16%用于替代鱼粉,而对黑鲷的生长性能、体成分和血浆生化指标无显著影响。

This study was conducted to investigate the effects of partial replacement of fish meal by fermented cottonseed meal on growth performance, body composition and plasma biochemical indices of juvenile black sea bream.A total of 400 juvenile black sea breams with an average body weight of （9.20±0.22） g were ran-domly allotted into 4 groups with 5 replicates per group and 20 fish per replicate.Four isonitrogenous and isoenergetic experimental diets were formulated with fish meal replacement by 0, 8%, 16%and 24%fermen-ted cottonseed meal.The fish in the 4 groups were fed the 4 experimental diets, which were named groups FCM0 （control）, FCM8, FCM16 and FCM24, respectively.Fish were fed twice daily （07：00 and 16：00）. The amount of feed consumed and mortality of fish were recorded daily.The experiment lasted for 60 days. The results showed as follows：compared with the control group, the weight gain rate and specific growth rate in group FCM24 were significantly decreased （ P〈0.05）, while no significant differences were observed in other experimental groups （ groups FCM8 and FCM16） in growth performance indices （ P〈0.05） .Hepaticsomatic index and condition factor of juvenile black sea bream in fermented cottonseed meal-added groups were not significantly different compared with those in control group （ P〉0.05） .However, the body ash content of juvenile black sea bream in group FCM24 was higher than that in control group （ P〈0.05） .Compared with the control group, the activity of alkaline phosphatase in group FCM24 was significantly decreased （ P〈0.05 ） . However, no significant differences were found between control group and other experiment groups （ groups FCM8 and FCM16） in the activities of superoxide dismutase, alanine transaminase, alkaline phosphatase, as-partate transaminase and lysozyme.In conclusion, up to 16%fermented cottonseed meal could replace fish meal in the juvenile black sea bream diets with no significant adverse effects on growth, body composition and plasma biochemical indices.