非淀粉多糖复合酶对肉仔鸡生产性能和排泄物中含氮物含量的影响

Effects of Non-Starch Polysaccharides Complex Enzyme on Performance and Content of Nitrogen Containing Compounds in Excreta of Broilers

本试验旨在研究饲粮中添加非淀粉多糖（ NSP ）复合酶对肉仔鸡生产性能和排泄物中含氮物含量的影响。试验采取单因子完全随机设计，选用208只1日龄爱拨益加肉仔鸡公雏，随机分成4组，每组4个重复，每个重复13只。分别饲喂玉米-豆粕型饲粮（ C组）、玉米-豆粕型饲粮＋NSP复合酶（ C＋E 组）、小麦-豆粕型饲粮（ W 组）和小麦-豆粕型饲粮＋NSP复合酶（W＋E组）。 NSP复合酶由木聚糖酶、β-葡聚糖酶、纤维素酶、果胶酶、β-甘露聚糖酶组成，酶谱组合为体外试验筛选后获得最适宜添加量。试验期42 d。结果表明：1）试验1～21 d，W＋E组平均日增重（ADG）显著高于W组（P＜0.05），料重比（F/G）显著低于W组（P＜0.05）；与C组相比，C＋E组F/G有降低趋势（0.05＜P＜0.10），ADG无显著差异（P＞0.05）。试验22～42 d，与W组相比，W＋E组F/G显著降低（ P＜0.05），ADG有提高的趋势（0.05＜P＜0.10），C＋E组ADG和F/G与C组相比无显著差异（P＞0.05）。2）试验第14、21、28、35、42天，C组和C＋E组排泄物中氨气含量极显著高于W组和W＋E组（ P＜0.01）；第21天时，C＋E组排泄物中氨气含量极显著低于C组（P＜0.01），W＋E组排泄物中氨气含量与W组无显著差异（P＞0.05）。3）试验第21、28、35、42天，C组和C＋E组排泄物中尿酸含量极显著高于W组和W＋E组（P＜0.01），W组和W＋E组之间与C组和C＋E组之间排泄物中尿酸含量均无显著差异（P＞0.05）。4）试验第14、21、28、35、42天，C组和C＋E组与 W 组和W＋E组相比，排泄物中尿素含量有增高的趋势（P＞0.05），除第14、35天外，W组和W＋E组之间与C组和C＋E组之间排泄物中尿素含量均无显著差异（P＞0.05）。综上所述，小麦-豆粕型饲粮和玉米-豆粕型饲粮添加NSP复合酶可有效改善肉仔鸡生产性能；小麦-豆粕型饲粮添加NSP复合酶可替代玉米-豆粕型饲粮，生产性能可达到玉米-豆粕型饲粮水平。玉米-豆粕型饲粮使肉仔鸡排泄物中氨气、尿素和尿酸含量高于小麦-豆粕型饲粮，小麦-豆粕型饲粮添加NSP复合酶后可降低排泄物中氨气含量。

The aim of this experiment was to study the effects of non-starch polysaccharides complex enzyme on performance and the content of nitrogen containing compounds in excreta of broilers.A single factorial randomized design was adopted, and a total of 208 newly-hatched Arbor Acres male broilers were randomly allotted into 4 groups with 4 replicates of 13 broilers.The four experimental diets were a cornsoybean diet （C group）, the corn-soybean diet ＋NSP complex enzyme （C＋E group）, a wheat-soybean diet （W group） and the wheat-soybean diet ＋NSP complex enzyme （W＋E group）, respectively.The NSP complex enzyme included xylanase, β-glucanase, cellulase, pectinase and β-mannanase.The appropriate combination and supplemental level were obtained from screening test in vitro.The trial lasted for 42 d.The results showed as follows： 1） during 1 to 21 d, the average daily gain （ADG） in W ＋E group was significantly higher than that in W group （P〈0.05）, and the feed /gain （F /G） was significantly lower than that in W group （P〈0.01）; compared with C group, the F /G in C＋E group tended to decrease （0.05〈P〈0.10）, and the ADG had no signifi- cant difference （P〉0.05）.During 22 to 42 d, compared with W group, the F /G in W＋E group was significantly decreased （P〈0.05）, and the ADG tended to increase （0.05 ＆lt;P ＆lt;0.10）; there were no significant differences in ADG and F /G between C＋E group and C group （P〉0.05）.2） At days 14, 21, 28, 35 and 42, the ammonia content in excreta in C group and C＋E group was significantly higher than that in W group and W＋E group （P〈0.01）; at day 21, the ammonia content in excreta in C＋E group was significantly lower than that in C group （P〈0.01）, and there was no significant difference in ammonia content in excreta between W group and W＋E group （P〉0.05）.3） At days 21, 28, 35 and 42, the uric acid content in excreta in C group and C＋E group was significantly higher than that in W group and W＋E group （P〈0.01）, and there was no significant difference in uric acid content in excreta between W group and W＋E group and between C group and C＋E group （P〉0.05）.4） At days 14, 21, 28, 35 and 42, the urea content in excreta in C group and C＋E group tended to increase （P〉0.05）, and except days 14 and 35, there was no significant difference in urea content between W group and W＋E group and between C group and C＋E group （P〉0.05）.In conclusion, the corn-soybean diet and wheat-soybean diet with NSP complex enzyme can improve the performance of broilers; the wheat-soybean diet with NSP complex enzyme can replace corn-soybean diet , and the performance can achieve corn-soybean diet level.The ammonia, uric acid and urea contents in excreta of broilers fed cornsoybean diet are higher than those of broilers fed wheat-soybean diet.The wheat-soybean diet with NSP complex enzyme can decrease the ammonia content in excreta.