航空发动机齿轮传动系统动力学特性研究

Dynamic Characteristics of Transmission System of Aeroengines

以航空发动机两级弧齿锥齿轮传动系统为研究对象,建立了弯—扭—轴三维空间16自由度耦合动力学模型。在模型中考虑了时变啮合刚度、静态传递误差和齿侧间隙等非线性因素,并结合航空发动机高压转子质量大、轴向力大的特点,在动力学方程中将安装在高压轴上的弧齿锥齿轮的质量取为高压转子整体质量;并在该齿轮轴向方向模拟了轴向力。以发动机传动系统实际参数作为动力学方程系数,无量纲化后通过引入状态变量并使用五阶变步长自适应Runge-Kutta数值方法求解,得到系统在慢车、巡航和最大状态下的响应,与该发动机实测数据基本吻合。并且研究了轴向力、输出功率和高压转子质量不平衡量对系统响应的影响。结果表明合理控制轴向力、输出功率和高压转子质量不平衡量可以改善发动机振动情况。

Aeroengines two-stage spiral bevel gear transmission system is regarded as the research object. A three-dimensional dynamic model with 16 degrees of freedom for the spiral bevel gear transmission system is developed, where the flexional, torsional and axial motion are considered. The model takes into account the time-varying of mesh stifness, the nonlinearity of geometric transmission error, the nonlinearity of the gear pair clearance, as well as lager mass and larger axial force of aeroengines high pressure rotor. In the dynamic equation, the bevel gear quality with installed in the high pressure shaft is taken as the overall quality of high-pressure rotor, the axial force is simulated in the gear axial direction. In the model, take actual parameter of aeroengines transmission system as equation coefficients, introduce state variable, use the fifth-steps Runge- Kutta numerical integral method of self-adaptive varied steps to solve equation. The dynamic response was received in the airplane idle rating, cruising rating and maximum rating. On this foundation, when changing the axial force, output power and mass unbalance, the dynamic behavior of the transmission system is analyzed.