基于纳米羟基磷灰石基因载体转染效率及靶向性的研究进展

Research Development of the Transfection Efficiency and Targeting of Hydroxyapatite Nanoparticles Based Gene Vectors

纳米羟基磷灰石(Hydroxyapatite,HAp)具有良好的生物相容性、可降解性、生物安全性和合成可控性等特点,可用作基因或药物载体。较低的转染效率是限制纳米HAp用于基因载体携载目的基因治疗疾病的瓶颈,这一关键问题的解决是未来将HAp应用于基因治疗临床应用的基础。因此,主要综述了HAp作为基因载体研究的现状,并分析了影响HAp-DNA复合物转染效率的主要因素以及实现纳米HAp颗粒靶向性的途径等方面的研究进展。

Hydroxyapatite（HAp） nanoparticle,as the new gene vector,possessing many desired characteristics such as biological safety,biodegradation,easy synthesis and so on,has been identified to have the capacity to deliver the DNA into targeted cells to cure or prevent some diseases,especially in cancer therapy.However,the low transfection efficiency of HAp nanoparticles has limited the use of this kind of particles as therapeutic gene vectors to treat diseases.Improving the transfection efficiency is becoming the basis for HAp to be used in clinical gene therapy vectors in the future.The present review summarizes the research development of HAp as gene vectors,and analyze the main factors to affect the transfection efficiency of HAp-DNA complex as well as the ways to realize the gene therapy targeting of HAp to carry therapeutic genes or drugs.