自噬调节抗原递呈细胞功能的研究进展

Advance in research on the function of antigen presenting cells regulated by autophagy

自噬是细胞内进行的一种“自我消化”的过程。在此过程中，受损的细胞结构、衰老的细胞器和变性蛋白被包裹在自噬小体中，运输到溶酶体被降解，参与细胞代谢。抗原递呈细胞（APCs）依赖自噬识别微生物，进而产生Ⅰ型干扰素。自噬不仅提供了递呈到MHC-Ⅱ类分子上的抗原肽，还参与了APC的MHC-Ⅰ类分子递呈途径。此外，自噬会降低免疫突触的稳定性。

Autophagy is a self-digestion process,in which cytopasmic orgauelles or proteins are degraded in lysosome. Autophagy is required for antigen-presenting ceils（APCs） to recognize intracellular danger signals and release type Ⅰ interferon. Autophagy not only provides a prominent source of antigens that can be loaded onto MHC- Ⅱ , but also participates in MHC- Ⅰ presentation pathway. In addition, attenuation in the formation of an immunologic synapse occurs along with the induction of autophagy.