葡萄花粉形态学研究

Study on Pollen Morphology of Chinese Wild Vitis Species

对原产中国的野生葡萄种和部分栽培品种共13个种30个株系（品种）的花粉形态进行观察研究。结果表明，除欧美杂交种巨峰葡萄花粉粒为四沟孔型外，其他野生葡萄、欧洲葡萄品种花粉粒均为三沟孔型。葡萄花粉符合埃尔特曼分类标准，中国野生葡萄正常花粉多为椭圆形或长球形，其大小为26．47-36．46μm×12．92-17．71μm。在中国野生葡萄中，秦岭葡萄、婪奠葡萄、山葡萄极轴较大。雌能花种类的花粉无萌发沟孔存在。花粉电镜扫描结果表明花粉壁纹饰的差异可以作为区别葡萄种之间的一个重要依据。

clones （showedChinesephologyChineseThe pollen morphology of grapes was studied by electron microscope observation using 30varieties） grouped into 13 Chinese wild species and some cultivated species. The resultsthat normal pollen of Kyoho grape is tetraoolporate type. Normal pollen of other species ofwild species and European grape varieties all belong to is tricolporate type. The pollen mor-of grapes is in accordance with the classification standard of Gero Erdmann. The pollen ofwild grape species is mainly long to oval or prolate spheroid, with their dimensions rangingfrom 26.47-36.46 ffmX12. 92-17. 71 ffm. The polar axis of the pollen of V. qinlingensis, V. adstricta and V. arnurensis is larger than other species. The germinal furrow has not been found in female flower. The pollen morphology of grape is valuable for the identification of species.