荒漠灌木林土壤节肢动物群落特征

Characteristics of Arthropods Communities in Desert Shrubs Soil

旨在了解荒漠典型生境土壤节肢动物群落组成。选取宁夏盐池县地区3类典型荒漠灌木林,于2008年8月至9月对大型节肢动物群落特征进行调查。结果显示:节肢动物个体数和类群数均为沙蒿灌木林>甘草沙蒿灌木林>沙柳灌木林;不同类型灌木林节肢动物类群之间有显著差异。以膜翅目昆虫为优势种群,占总数的75.91%,鞘翅目(5.43%)、革翅目(4.35%)、双翅目(3.01%)、同翅目(2.68%)、蜘蛛目(2.68%)和半翅目(2.17%)为常见种群,其余各目共占总数的3.76%。3种类型灌木林内节肢动物的垂直分布存在一定差异性,沙蒿灌木林、沙柳灌木林主要聚集在土壤的下层,而甘草沙蒿灌木林具明显的表聚性。因此,固定沙地(沙蒿灌木林代表)的土壤环境优于沙质草甸(甘草沙蒿灌木林代表)优于半固定沙地(沙柳灌木林代表)。

In order to learn the community structure of macroarthropods in desert shrubs soil, the soil macroarthropods of the three typical microhabitants in desert shrub in Ningxia province were investi gated during the August to the September, 2008. The results showed that groups and individuals of soil macroarthropods were significant different among the three shrubs, the Arternisia shrub） the Arternisia and Glycyrrhiza uralensis shrub〉the Salix psammophila shrub. Generally, Hymenop tera was absolutely dominant （amounting to 75. 91% of the total individuals of soil macroarthro pods）, followed by Coleoptera （5. 43%）, Dermaptera （4. 35%）, Diptera （3. 01%）, Homoptera （2.68%）, Araneae （2.68%）, and Hemiptera （2.17%）, while the rest orders together amounted to 3.76 % of the total. There were different vertical distribution of the group and individual number of soil arthropods in the three habitats. The soil macroarthropods in the Artemisia shrub and the Salix psamrnophila shrub concentrated in lower soil layer. However, they gathered on surface in Arternisia and the Glycyrrhiza uralensis shrub. In conclusion, biodiversity of Arternisia shrub was listed in thedescending order of Artemisia shrub, Glycyrrhiza uralensis shrub and Salix psammophila shrub.