诉讼案件非讼审理中的几个主要问题

Several Major Problems in the Non-lawsuit Trial of Litigation Cases

在诉讼案件的审理过程中,单一适用诉讼程序,采用诉讼法理,已经难以满足实现实体法的权利和使纠纷获得妥当解决的需求。诉讼案件的非讼化审理,即法院适用非讼程序或采用非讼法理审理诉讼案件,从目前审判实践的现实状况和未来发展趋势看,它已经成为得到合目的性、妥当性判决的必要途径。在中国本土语境下,实现诉讼案件的非讼审理,仍存在一些障碍和困惑,针对非讼程序的具体适用范围,非讼审理过程中法定听审权的保障以及非讼审理中法官裁量权的扩张等问题,需要进一步思索。2012年最新修订的民事诉讼法第一百三十三条第一项,给了我们有益启示。

The special needs of achieving substantive rights and getting proper result of the disputes made the Court adopted noneontentious jurisprudence, such as doctrine of function and power, written, no-public, simple, and so on. Practice has proved that the non-litigious proceedings in judicial practice, for resolving disputes simply and rapidly, appropriately, prevention of civil disputes plays a unique and important role. In the Chinese domestic context, to achieve a non-litigation lawsuits heard there are still some obstacles and puzzles, the scope of non-litigation procedure, the protection of statutory hearing rights in non-litigation legal proceedings and judges discretion expansion in a non-litigation trial, and so on. Theses issues need further thinking. The latest revision in 2012 of the Civil Procedure Law Article 133 first, gave us useful lessons.