机载雷达风切变识别算法研究及在机场预报中的应用

Wind shear identification for airborne weather radar and its application in airport forecast

大气中的风切变严重威胁飞机安全,尤其低空风切变是影响飞机起降的重要因素。利用多普勒雷达速度资料计算一维切向、一维径向与二维合成风切变,准确判断风切变的危险区域,能够及时为飞行及起降提供告警。针对多普勒雷达业务应用的主用户处理器PUP(Principal User Processor)上风切变自动识别产品存在的边缘识别较弱及定位误差较大等问题,根据多普勒雷达速度资料径向分布的特点,利用最小二乘法线性拟合优势,选择适于机载雷达参数的拟合窗口,对多个实例进行了识别分析。对比结果表明最小二乘法在识别效果、定位精度、边缘识别等方面优于PUP风切变自动识别产品,提高了风切变识别能力,有助于为机载雷达风切变识别及预警提供更好的依据。

Wind shear in the atmosphere is a serious threat to the safety of aircraft, especially the low- level wind shear which is an important factor affecting the aircraft taking off and landing.By using the Doppler radar velocity data to calculate the one-dimension tangential, one-dimensional radial and two- dimension composite shear, accurately judging the dangerous area of wind shear could provide timely warning for flight, taking off and landing. In this study, as the wind shear automatic identification product on the principal user processor（PUP） for Doppler radar applications has the shortcomings such as weak edge recognition and larger location errors, according to Doppler radar velocity distributions and taking advantage of least square fitting method, ＂fitting window＂ suitable for airborne radar param- eters are chosen, and the several cases have been identified and analyzed. For the performance in wind shear＇s identification, location and edge discerning, the least square method could provide better reference of wind shear and warnings than PUP＇s identification products.