输尿管软镜治疗上尿路结石的现状与进展

Current state and advance of flexible ureteroscope in the treatment of upper urinary calculi

泌尿系结石是泌尿外科最常见的疾病之一,其中多数为上尿路结石。受硬件条件限制,传统微创治疗方法的安全性和有效性均存在一定局限。相对而言,输尿管镜治疗上尿路结石因通过自然腔道进入肾脏,并在直视下进行碎石,故具有微创、安全、恢复快、碎石效率高等优点。近年来随着输尿管软镜技术及相关碎石辅助设备的快速发展,输尿管软镜碎石成为临床上治疗上尿路结石的理想选择。随着技术的进步及其普及推广,可以预见,输尿管软镜将成为未来治疗上尿路结石的主流术式。本文将从安全性、适应证等多方面介绍输尿管软镜治疗上尿路结石的安全性和有效性及相关技巧,以期有助于输尿管软镜技术的进一步普及推广。

Urinary calculus is one of the most common diseases in urinary surgery, and most cases are upper urinary calcu- li. Limited by the physical conditions, there still exist defects in the safety and efficacy of traditional minimal invasive therapy. Flexible ureteroscope is minimal invasive, safe and efficient because it enters through natural tract and calculi are removed un- der direct vision. With rapid development of ureteroscopic technique and equipment, flexible ureteroscope has become an ideal therapeutic option for upper urinary calculi in recent years. In the near future, it will be the mainstream operating type in the treatment of upper urinary calculi. This article will introduce the safety, efficiency and relevant skills of flexible ureteroscope in the treatment of upper urinary calculi.