氟对雄性大鼠睾丸细胞周期及细胞凋亡的影响

The effects of fluoride on testicular cell cycle and cell apoptosis of male rats

目的观察慢性氟中毒对雄性大鼠睾丸细胞周期及细胞凋亡的影响。方法选择健康雄性Wistar大鼠32只，体质量150—180g，按体质量采用随机数字表法分为4组：对照组和低、中、高氟组，分别用生理盐水和100、200、300mg·kg-1·d-1氟化钠（NaF）灌胃90d，每组8只，每天称体质量。实验结束后颈椎脱位法处死大鼠，摘取睾丸组织，称质量并计算脏器系数；采用流式细胞术检测睾丸细胞周期的变化及细胞凋亡。结果染氟第30天大鼠体质量组间比较，差异有统计学意义（F=3．884，p〈0．05），其中低、中氟组[（235．00±14．56）、（235．44±24．99）g]明显高于高氟组[（206．00±18．16）g，P均〈0．05]；第0、60、90天大鼠体质量组间比较，差异无统计学意义（F值分别为0．501、0．578、1．893，P均〉0．05）。低、中、高氟组大鼠睾丸细胞G0／G1期所占比例[（57．60±7．26）％、（52．80±3．20）％、（73．13±4．08）％]与对照组[（43．10±3．62）％]比较，明显升高（P均〈0．05）；低、中、高氟组大鼠睾丸细胞S期所占比例[（10．58±2．58）％、（9．35±0．35）％、（9．55±0．50）％]与对照组[（19．23±0．61）％]比较，明显降低（P均〈0．05）；高氟组大鼠睾丸细胞G2／M期所占比例[（17．18±2.21）％]与对照组[（36．34±5．05）％]比较，明显降低（P〈0．05）。中、高氟组睾丸细胞凋亡率[（71．03±2．30）％、（71．9±2．16）％]与对照组[（60．80±2．34）％]比较，明显升高（P均〈0．05）。结论慢性氟中毒可导致睾丸生殖细胞周期紊乱、诱导生殖细胞凋亡，损害大鼠生殖系统。

Objective To observe the effects of fluoride on testicular cell cycle and cell apoptosis of male rats. Methods Thirty-two healthy male Wistar rats, weighting 150 - 180 g, were randomly divided into 4 groups by body weight using random number table, normal sodium （control）, the low-dose, medium-dose and high-dose groups （100, 200, 300 mg. kg-1. d-1 NaF, respectively） by intragastric administration for 90 days, and bodyweight was observed daily. After the last intragastric administration, all rats were killed by cervical dislocation. The testicular cell cycle and cell apoptosis were measured by flow cytometry. Results After 30 days exposure, the difference of body weight between groups was statistically significant（F = 3.884, P 〈 0.05）. The body weights in low-and medium-dose groups[ （235.00 ±14.56）, （235.44 ± 24.99）g] were significantly increased than that of high-dose group[ （206.00 ± 18.16）g, all P 〈 0.05]. There was no significant difference of body weight between the groups at 0, 60 and 90 days（F = 0.501, 0.578, 1.893, all P 〉 0.05）. Compared with the control group[ （43.10 ± 3.62）% ], the percentages of G0/G1 stage cells were significantly increased in all the NaF-treated groups [ （57.60 ±7.26）%, （52.80± 3.20）%, （73.13 ± 4.08）%] and the percentages of S stage cells were significantly decreased in all the NaF-treated groups [（10.58± 2.58）%, （9.35± 0.35）%, （9.55 ± 0.50）%] compared to the control group[ （19.23 ± 0.61 ）%, all P 〈 0.05 ]. On the other hand, the percentage of G2/M stage cells decreased significantly in high-dose group [ （17.18 ± 2.21 ）% ] compared with the control group [ （36.34 ± 5.05）%, P 〈 0.05 ]. The testicular cell apoptosis ratios in all the NaF-treated groups were higher than that in the control group, but only in medium- and high-dose groups [ （71.03 ± 2.30）%, （71.90 ± 2.16 ）% ], the difference was statistically significant compared with the control group [ （60.80 ± 2.34）%, all P 〈 0.05 ]. Conclusion Chronic fluorosis can change testicular cell cycle and cell apoptosis and damage the reproductive system.