白洋淀东方大苇莺繁殖生境质量评价

Nest habitat quality evaluation for the oriental great reed warbler( Acrocephalus orientalis) in Baiyangdian Wetland

白洋淀湿地自然保护区是东方大苇莺在华北地区的重要繁殖栖息地之一.于2011年6—7月采用样线法在保护区内开展东方大苇莺巢位调查,累计记录巢位112处,在此基础上,采用生态位因子分析模型对保护区内东方大苇莺的繁殖生境质量进行分析评价.结果表明:东方大苇莺偏好在高程相对较高、远离人类活动干扰的旱地芦苇景观内营巢,而避免在其他景观内营巢;2011年,白洋淀湿地自然保护区内东方大苇莺繁殖适宜生境总面积2474.69 hm2,占保护区总面积的7.6%,其中最适宜生境面积1131.19 hm2,仅占保护区总面积的3.5%.最适宜生境呈圈层状结构分布,集中分布于现分隔2处的白洋淀东部的大麦淀、烧车淀核心区及其周边区域.为保护东方大苇莺繁殖生境,建议将大麦淀和烧车淀核心区合并,形成一个面积更大、分布相对集中的核心区,并以最大限度地保护和维持白洋淀湿地自然景观的规模为目标,合理设置缓冲区.

The Baiyangdian Wetland Natural Reserve is an important breeding habitat for oriental great reed warbler （OGRWs） , Acrocephalus orientalis, in North China Plain. We investigated the nesting sites of OGRWs by line transect method during June-July, 2011, and 112 nests were found out in total. The ecological-niche factor analysis （ENFA） was applied in nesting habitat suitability assessment for OGRWs in Baiyangdian. The results showed that OGRWs in this reserve preferred nesting in dry land reed landscapes, which located at relatively high altitudes and away from anthropocentric disturbance. In 2011, the suitable and the most suitable nesting habitats of OGRWs in this reserve were 2474.69 hm2 and 1131.19 hm2, accounting 7.6% and 3.5% of the total reserve area, respectively. The most suitable nesting habitats shaped a circle-like structure, and they all clustered together around Damai and Shaoche core area, which located in the east part of the reserve. In order to protect the nesting habitats for OGRWs within Baiyangdian wetland reserve, it was suggested that the functional zone should be reorganized, and that the Damai and Shaoche core area should be integrated into one. This new core area would be bigger and more concentrated, at the same time the buffer zone should also be established appropriately, so as to protect the natural landscapes in this reserve as much as possible.