中国紫草亚科植物小坚果微形态特征及其分类学意义

Nutlet Morphology and Taxonomic Significance of Boraginoideae in China

利用光学显微镜和扫描电子显微镜对中国紫草亚科5族15属32种植物的小坚果微形态进行了观察研究。结果显示,紫草亚科植物小坚果形状主要有卵形、角卵形、倒卵形、肾形、三棱锥形和球形6大类;表面纹饰通常有皱纹、瘤状突起、疣状突起、圆头状突起、短柔毛、刚毛、锚状刺等类型;小突起的形态主要有疣状、波状、刺状、瘤状、乳头状、圆头状、星状、丘陵状、簇状等类型。小坚果的形状、纹饰和小突起形态在一些族间、属间和种间存在差异,可为作为族和属的划分以及部分近缘种鉴别的参考依据。

The nutlet micromorphology of 5 tribes, 15 genera and 32 species of Boraginoideae in China was examined using light microscopy （LM） and scanning electron microscopy （SEM）. The results revealed that the shapes of nutlets are ovate, trullate, ohovate, reniform, riangular pyramid and spherical; the surfaceornamentations are wrinkle, strumae, verrucate, colliculate, pubescent, bristly and grapnel spine ; and the micro-protuberances appear verrucate, undulate, aculeate, strumae, papilliform, collieulate, stelliform, hilly and tufted. The shape, surface ornamentation and micro-protuberance are different among some tribes, genera and species, which may be referred for the classification of Boragioideae.