南极磷虾主要营养成分及保健机能研究进展

Review of the nutritional value and health function of Antarctic Krill

南极磷虾是地球上数量最大、繁衍最成功的生物资源之一。由于含有丰富的必需脂肪酸、蛋白质、维生素、微量元素及其他生物活性成分,对人体具有重要的营养价值。南极磷虾中脂质含量约为2.11%,主要是不饱和脂肪酸;蛋白质含量丰富,含人体所需的8种必需氨基酸;维生素A和维生素E含量比其他鱼虾类含量高出数十倍。南极磷虾中钙、磷、铁、锰、锌、铜的含量分别为327.1、913.2、4.7、0.5、4.5和0.5 mg/100 g;重金属无机砷和镉的含量明显低于国家标准。南极磷虾甲壳素含量占整个磷虾干重的4%,多于其他鱼贝类。近年来因其极高的营养价值而倍受人们关注。本文就目前国内外学者对南极磷虾主要营养成分营养价值及其保健功效的研究成果进行综述,为南极磷虾的生物开发利用提供依据。

Antarctic krill is one of the most abundant and successful breeding biological resources on the Earth .The health care effects of Antarctic Krill contribute to the essential fatty acids , protein, vitamins,minerals and other bioactive ingredients.The content of lipid in Antarctic krill is about 2.11%, mainly unsaturated fatty acids;the content of protein is rich, including 8 essential amino acids needed by the human body; the content of Vitamin A and vitamin E in Antarctic krill is much more than that in other fish and shrimp .The contents of calcium, phosphorus, iron, manganese, zinc, and copper in Antarctica krill were 327.1, 913.2, 4.7, 0.5, 4.5 and 0.5 mg/100 g, respectively;the heavy metals,arsenic and cadmium were significantly lower than the national standard .The content of krill chitin in Antarctic krill makes up 4%of the entire dry weight ,which is more than that in other fish and shellfish .Much concern from people to the high nutritional value is rising recently.Therefore,the researches on the nutritional value and health care effects of Antarctic Krill were reviewed to provide evidences for biological utilization of it .