改革视域下煤矿的文学书写:重读《跋涉者》和《断层》

Literary Narration of Coal Mines from Perspective of Reform: A Re-reading of " Wader" and " Geological Fault"

焦祖尧的《跋涉者》和刘庆邦的《断层》是20世纪80年代描写煤矿的著名长篇小说。在改革视域下,两部小说展现了煤矿空间结构中不同力量的角逐,在男性形象的塑造上,依靠改革者话语权和领导权的强力操作,实现男权中心意识形态的建构。在煤矿文化的展现上,把改革精神和煤矿精神结合在一起,以采掘光明为精神隐喻,唤醒沉睡的人们,向人们诉说人应该在工业文明的过程中具有现代化的意识。两部小说将煤矿与权力、性别、社会心理、人的精神气质紧密结合,为20世纪中国当代文学提供了一种独特的审美形态和文化景观。

Jiao Zu-yao＇s “Wader” and Liu Qing-bang＇s “Geological Fault” are the two famous full-length novels depicting the coal mines in the 1980s. From the perspective of reform, the two novels reveal the tussles between different forces in the coal mine environment. In shaping the male characters, the novels manage to construct the male-centered ideology by depicting the reformers＇ forceful manipulation of their power of discourse and leadership. In presenting the coal mine culture, the novels combine the reforming spirit and the mining spirit and employ the metaphor of mining coal resources for illumination as a spiritual force to arouse those people who are unaware of the fierce situation and to tell the people that they should have a modernized awareness in the process of industrial progress. The two novels closely integrate the coal mine with power, gender, social mentality and one＇s spiritual temperament, offering a unique aesthetic form and cultural landscape for contemporary Chinese literature in the 20th century.