28165例输血前及手术前患者四项感染指标检测结果分析

Detection of four infection indicators in 28165 patients before transfusion and surgery

目的：了解输血前及手术前患者乙型肝炎病毒表面抗原（HBsAg）、丙型肝炎病毒抗体（抗HCV）、梅毒螺旋体抗体（抗TP）和人免疫缺陷病毒抗体（抗HIV）四项感染指标的感染情况。方法采用酶联免疫法，对2011年6月-2012年5月28165例拟输血或手术前患者上述四项感染指标进行检测，并对结果进行统计分析。结果28165例受检者总阳性3422例，阳性率12．15％，HBsAg、抗HCV、抗TP 和抗HIV 的阳性率分别为8．69％（2447例）、1．31％（368例）、2．07％（583例）和0．09％（24例）。其中男性HBsAg、抗HCV 和抗HIV 阳性率均高于女性（χ2值分别为36．64、28．95和4．82，均P ＜0．05）。四项感染指标均以＜20岁组阳性率最低，HBsAg、抗HCV 和抗HIV 以20～39岁和40～59岁组阳性率最高，而抗TP 以≥60岁组阳性率最高。结论检测输血前和手术前患者经血传播疾病标志物，有助于了解其输血前及手术前主要经血传播疾病的感染状态。

Objective To investigate the detection results of HBsAg,anti-HCV,anti-Treponema pallidum anti-body （anti-TP ）and anti-HIV in patients before transfusion and surgery. Methods Four infection indicators of 28 165 patients were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay from June 2011 to May 2012,results were an-alyzed statistically.Results Of 28 165 patients,total positive rate was 12.15% （n= 3 422）,the positive rate of HB-sAg,anti-HCV,anti-TP and anti-HIV was 8.69% （n= 2 447）,1.31% （n= 368）,2.07% （n= 583）,and 0.09% （n=24）respectively. The positive rate of HBsAg,anti-HCV and anti-HIV in male was higher than female （χ2 was 36.64,28.95,and 4.82,respectively,allP＆lt;0.05）.In different age groups,positive rate of all indicators in〈20 age group was lowest,while positive rates of HBsAg,anti-HCV,and anti-HIV were highest in 20-39 and 40-59 age groups,anti-TP was highest in ≥60 age group.Conclusion Detection of bloodborne pathogens before transfusion and surgery is helpful for realizing infection status of patients before transfusion and surgery.