加州碳排放权交易市场的法律基础

Legal Basis of California Cap-and-Trade Program

美国加州于2006年通过《加州应对全球变暖法案》(AB32)提出建立碳交易制度,并于2012年正式启动碳交易市场。法律法规在加州碳交易市场的运行中有着至关重要的作用。本文重点阐述了加州碳排放权交易市场的法律基础与框架,包括碳交易制度的立法进程和法律依据、碳交易市场运行的法律规定、碳交易制度当前的法律风险和诉讼,并在此基础上对中国碳交易试点的法制建设提出可行性建议。

California’s cap-and-trade programme under the Assembly Bill 32 is a key element in California’s comprehensive plan for reducing its greenhouse gas （GHG） emissions to 1990 levels by 2020. Law and regulations play a key role in California’s cap-and-trade program. This paper reviews the legal basis of Californian scheme and draws insights for China’s pilots from various perspectives including the legislation history of California cap-and-trade program, the legal framework of program, and the legal risks in terms of litigations of the program.