《苦行记》:19世纪美国种族主义的文学镜像

Roughing It:Literary Image of American Racism in 19^(th) Century

作为一部半自传体小说,《苦行记》表现了19世纪美国西部的社会生活。通过分析小说中的种族伦理叙事和马克·吐温对土著印第安人和华人的种族伦理观,指出19世纪土著印第安人和华人遭受了来自美国主流社会严重的种族歧视。马克·吐温对印第安人进行极力丑化,表现出极度的仇视。对华人的同情和赞美,以及对华人负面形象的塑造仍然流露出白人种族的优越意识和文化优越感。

This paper explores American racism in 19th century by analyzing ethnic narrative ethics of novel, and Mark Twain’s ethics on Native American Indians and Chinese, pointing out Native American Indians and Chinese experienced extremely racial discrimination in 19th century. Mark Twain has deeply embedded racist ideas on Native American Indians. Though he shows the sympathy and admiration for the Chinese, he creates negative images of Chinese from his own racial superiority perspective.