边远地区中小学女教师职业压力现状分析

A Study on the Professional Stress of Female School Teachers in Remote Regions

采用问卷调查的形式,对边远地区300名在职中小学女教师的职业压力基本表现进行研究,并分析了影响边远地区中小学女教师职业压力的主要因素。结果表明:(1)边远地区中小学女教师职业压力普遍较大,24.1%的女教师体验着重度的职业压力。(2)边远地区初中女教师在职业压力总分及各因子得分均显著高于小学和高中女教师;主科教师在考试压力和工作负荷方面压力显著高于副科教师;班主任教师在考试压力和工作负荷方面压力显著高于非班主任教师。(3)部分女教师面临家庭与事业发展的双重冲突,尤以研究生学历女性为最。(4)建立良好的社会支持系统是缓解教师职业压力的重要前提,增强自我职业压力管理能力是缓释教师职业压力的关键策略。

To investigate the professional stress of female school teachers in remote regions, a sample of 300 female school teachers was tested by questionnaires. The results showed： （1） the professional stress of female school teachers in remote regions was high generally, and 24.1% female teachers experienced severe professional stress;（2） the total score and each factor score of professional stress scale of female teachers in junior middle school were higher than that in primary school and high school; the stress of work and the stress of tests of major teachers were higher than that of assistant teachers; and the stress of work and the stress of tests of teachers in charge of a class were higher than that of teachers who were not in charge of a class; （3） a part of the female teachers were faced with the double conflict of taking care of family and developing their career, especially the postgraduate educational background female teachers; （4） establishing the social support system was the important premise to ease the professional stress of female school teachers, and the key strategy of alleviating the professional stress was to enhance the self-management of professional stress.