中国上市公司高层性别失衡问题研究

A Research on Gender Imbalance of Senior Positions in China's Listed Companies

性别均衡状况是组织人员构成多样化的重要衡量指标,同时也是组织公平管理实施程度的客观体现。采用系统抽样方法,从2010年深、沪两市上市公司中抽取样本337家,根据上市公司年报中披露的相关信息,调查分析我国上市公司董事、监事及高管任职的性别分布状况,并与2004年278家深、沪两市样本的相关调查结果进行对比研究,结果显示,在我国上市公司中,女性在高层的任职比例有所提高,但增幅不大,而且没有改变副职多、正职少的传统状况。研究结果表明,我国上市公司高层性别分布失衡,"玻璃天花板"仍然客观存在,女性的能力优势没有得到应有的发挥。

The extent of gender balance is not only an important indicator of staff diversity,but also an objective mirror of organizational justice. Using the method of system sampling,this paper takes 337 samples from the listed companies in the Shenzhen and Shanghai Stock Exchanges. Based on the listed companies' 2010 annual reports,this paper investigates the gender distribution of board members,supervisors and senior managers. Furthermore,the survey results are compared with that of ones investigated in 2004 with 278 sample companies. The study reveals that the proportion of senior positions held by women increases,but the increasing degree is limited. Moreover,the situation that the proportion of deputy positions is higher than that of chief ones has not changed. From this study one can reach some important conclusions: The gender composition of senior positions in China's listed companies is imbalanced; The glass ceiling still exists; There are no enough opportunities for women to exert their advantages.