对围绕“第二代民族政策”论争的一些问题的评析

Comment on the Argument on the Second Generation of National Policy

中国与西方关于"民族"的概念有很大差异。前资本主义时代的"民族"可以叫做"文化民族",近代以来伴随"民族国家"崛起而形成的"民族"可以叫做"政治民族"。任何现代国家不论姓"资"姓"社",建设过程中都有一个由传统"文化民族"向现代"政治民族"过渡的必经过程,国家应采取种种措施去建构作为"国族"的"政治民族",而关键问题在于如何正确地去建构"国族"。民族问题"去政冶化"、"第二代民族政策"的主张者以否定民族集体权利、建立同质化的"公民"或"国族"的构想是违背"民族平等"这一中国共产党的根本宗旨的,是违反中国国情和当前世界潮流的,如实施必将造成严重后果。处于社会主义初级阶段的中国,不能采取"同化"或"融合"的方式,而应当按文化多元、政治一体的思维去"整合"建构社会主义属性的政治民族——中华民族。

There is an obvious contract between China and the West on the definition of“nationality”.“Nationality”in pre -capitalistic era could be called “cultural nationality”,and the “nationality”formed with the rising up of“national state”could be called “political nationality”.Whether a contem-porary country is capitalist or socialist,it has to experience a transitional period from the traditional“cul-tural nationality”to the modern “political nationality”during the process of development.A country should adopt every measure to form the“political nationality”as a“nation”,the key question of which is how to form it.Those whose advocate the “depoliticization”and “the second generation of national poli-cy”of ethnic minority issues deny the collective interests and rights and the conception of homogeneity of“citizen”and “nation”.It goes against the fundamental purpose of the communist party of China and the situation of China and current trend of the world,which would bring about serious consequences.China, still in the primary stage of socialism,should not take the measure of“homogeneity”or “integration”, but should“integrate”socialist political nationality---Chinese Nation---in the thinking way of cultur-al diversity and political integration.