现代化进程中的腐败与反腐败——印尼难题及对中国的警示

Corruption and Anti-corruption in the Process of Modernization——The Indonesia Problem and Its Lessons for China

从20世纪60年代末开始,印尼开始了现代化的进程。在苏哈托当政时期,印尼通过政府主导型工业化模式,完成了经济起飞;从20世纪末瓦希德执政开始,印尼通过打破军人政治、推进民主化而开始了政治现代化进程。在印尼现代化进程中,腐败现象的蔓延与加剧令世人瞩目。腐败问题的产生虽然有着种种主客观因素,但它对印尼政治、经济、社会等方面却产生了严重的消极影响,甚至成为印尼现代化进程的重大障碍。如何正视并清除现代化进程中的腐败问题,成为包括印尼在内的大多数发展中国家所面临的重要难题。

Since the end of the 1960s, Indonesia has begun its modernization process. During the Suharto time, Indonesia realized economic take-off through a government-led industrialization model; after Vahid took office in late twentieth century, Indonesia initiated the political modernization process by breaking the military politics and promoting democratization. In the process of modernization, corruption in Indonesia was rampant and aggravated and drew world attention. While there are many kinds of subjective and objective factors causing corruption, it has produced serious negative effect on the Indonesian politics, economy, society and other areas, and has even become a maior obstacle to Indonesian modernization. How to squarely face and eliminate corruption in the process of modernization becomes an important problem in most developing countries, induding Indonesia.