摘要
目的计算实验室液氮泄漏速率,推演出预防窒息的对策措施。方法以某实验室液氮泄漏为例进行窒息风险分析,运用泄漏后果模型模拟计算液氮泄漏速率。结果该场所发生泄漏503.195 s后,氮浓度将达到84%;1 006.36 s后,氮浓度将达到90%;1 845 s后,氮浓度将达到100%。并推断出该场所的通风设施的选型、气体检测装置的报警界限以及安全设施的安装位置。结论应从安全巡检管理制度、实验室作业规程、设备保养以及选择通风设施、检测装置位置等方面提出有针对性的对策措施,以防范涉氮作业区窒息事故的发生。
Objective To calculate the liquid nitrogen leakage rate in specific laboratory, and to demonstrate preventive measures against asphyxia. Methods The velocity model of gas leakage was used to show the consequence （suffocation risk） of nitrogen leakage in the laboratory. Results It is simulated that nitrogen will reach 84% at 503.195 s after leakage,90% at 1 006.36 s and 100% at 1 845 s,respectively. Under this emergency condition,the ventilation models,the alarm-limits setting of gas detection devices and the installation location of safety facilities were present. Conclusion To prevent asphyxiation incidents in the work area involving nitrogen,the targeted countermeasures were given,including improvement of safety management system and laboratory operating procedures.
出处
《职业卫生与应急救援》
2014年第2期81-83,共3页
Occupational Health and Emergency Rescue
关键词
液氮
窒息
泄漏速率
通风系统
Liquid nitrogen
Asphyxia
Leak rate calculation
Ventilation
