环境对湘西洛塔表层岩溶泉水文地球化学特征的影响

Influence of Eco-environment on Hydrogeochemical of Epikarst Springs in Luota,West Hunan Province of China

对湘西洛塔不同生态环境类型灌木丛裸露区、旱地与灌木丛半覆盖区、旱地与草丛全覆盖区下表层岩溶泉进行了取样分析,其水文地球化学特征表明:生态恢复对表层岩溶泉水资源具有调蓄作用,使表层岩溶泉在丰水期减峰,枯水期延后;干河猪场、黄家湾、小路湾坡面径流泥沙平均含量分别为94.10 mg/L、389.30 mg/L、1 639.92mg/L,大小顺序为小路湾>黄家湾>干河猪场;表层岩溶泉水化学组分均以HCO-3、Ca2+为主,HCO-3、Ca2+含量的大小顺序均为黄家湾泉>干河猪场泉>小路湾泉;表层岩溶泉pH均大于7.00,呈弱碱性;游离CO2在干河猪场泉、黄家湾泉、小路湾泉中的浓度分别为4.06 mg/L、9.38 mg/L、2.78 mg/L,暂时硬度在干河猪场泉、黄家湾泉、小路湾泉中的浓度分别为124.31 mg/L、173.95 mg/L、88.19 mg/L,总酸度在干河猪场泉、黄家湾泉、小路湾泉中的浓度分别为4.62 mg/L、10.67 mg/L、3.16 mg/L。pH的大小顺序为小路湾泉>干河猪场泉>黄家湾泉;暂时硬度、游离CO2、总酸度的大小顺序均为黄家湾泉>干河猪场泉>小路湾泉,说明良好的植被覆盖具有更好的水文地球化学效应。

In difference eco-environment of shrub bare area,dry land and shrub half coverage area,dry land and underbrush coeverage area,this paper gathered the sample of epikarst springs in Luota of west Hunan Province,China.Its feature of hydrogeochemical showed that：ecological restoration had storage effect of water resources to epikatst spring,with reducing peak in the abundant water period and delaying in the dry period.The average content of sediment was 94.10 mg / L,389.30 mg / L,1 639.92 mg / L in Ganhezhuchang,Huangjiawan,Xiaoluwan,respectively,its order was Xiaoluwan 〉Huangjiawan 〉 Ganhezhuchang.Chemical components of all epikarst spring were mainly HCO-3and Ca2 ＋,its order was Huangjiawan spring Ganhezhuchang spring〉 Xiaoluwan spring.The pH value of all epikarst spring were more than 7.00 and were alkalescent.In Ganhezhuchang spring,Huangjiawan spring,Xiaoluwan spring,respectively,the concentration of dissociative CO2were 4.06 mg / L,9.38 mg / L,2.78 mg / L,temporary hardness were 124.31 mg / L,173.95 mg / L,88.19 mg / L,total acid were 4.62 mg / L,10.67 mg / L,3.16 mg / L.the order of pH was Xiaoluwan spring 〉 Ganhezhuchang spring 〉 Huangjiawan spring,while the order of temporary hardness,dissociative CO2,total acid were all Huangjiawan spring 〉 Ganhezhuchang spring 〉 Xiaoluwan spring,our results suggested that there existed better hydrogeochemical effect in good eco-environment.