基于土地覆被的局域社会生态系统动态平衡

Dynamic Equilibrium of Local Social- Ecological Systems Based on Land Cover

社会子系统和自然子系统相互作用关系是社会生态系统研究的核心内容。社会生态系统中社会子系统和自然子系统的相互作用处于动态平衡之中,山地社会生态系统的动态平衡主要取决于自然植被的演替和人类活动的干扰。以土地利用/覆被的斑块调查数据和农户社会经济入户调查数据为基础,在村域尺度上构建了基于土地利用/覆被的社会生态系统动态平衡分析方法,分析村域社会生态系统各斑块在从祼地(或人工建筑)到顶级群落演替过程中所处的位置,揭示两类子系统相互作用关系。通过对高黎贡山东坡不同海拔梯度上旱龙、芒岗、芒晃三个自然村的动态平衡分析,结果显示:动态平衡指数DEI依次为旱龙(-0.50)>芒岗(-0.71)>芒晃(-0.75);其中人口压力较小、土地生产力较高的旱龙村,处于最佳的V-SES动态平衡之中;芒岗村的土地生产力较高但人口压力最大,芒晃村的人口压力小但土地生产力最低,均处于V-SES动态平衡的较差状态。研究结果为村域社会生态系统动态平衡分析提供了一种新的方法,且对开展更大尺度上的SES研究具有参考价值。

Interactions between social sub-system and natural sub-system are the core of studies on social-ecological systems（ SES）. Interactions between social sub-system and natural sub- system of SES are at a dynamic equilibrium. In mountainous SESs which are agriculture-based and relatively closed,the dynamic equilibrium is attributed to natural vegetation successions and human disturbances on earth surfaces. It means that each patch of land in SES marks its position in a series from barren or artificial fields to the climax of natural vegetations. In other words,the dynamic equilibrium can be depicted from the general conditions of land use and cover（ LUC）. Using data gained from LUC investigation and household socioeconomic survey,we developed a method for dynamic equilibrium analysis at village SES（ V- SES）. The method could be applied to analyze the interactions between social sub-system and natural sub-system,and unveil the dynamic equilibrium status of V- SES. We took 3 villages with different altitudes on eastern slope of the Gaoligong Mountains（ in Yunnang Proince of China） as cases to test the method. Results showed that DEI of 3 V- SESs ranked Hanlong village（- 0. 50） 〉Manggang village（- 0. 71） 〉 Manghuang village（- 0. 75）. Hanlong village with lower population pressure and higher land productivity had the best dynamic equilibrium. Manggang village had the highest population pressure and higher land productivity,and Manghuang village had the lower population but lower land productivity. Both were in worse dynamic equilibrium status. Our study provided a new method to analyze dynamic equilibrium of V- SES. The results could also be a reference for studies of SES at a larger scale.