共性与个性——苏皖古民居建筑之探析

Analysis of Commonality and Individuality of Ancient Dwellings in Jiangsu-Anhui Region

苏皖古民居均是中国江南地区传统建筑的典型代表,它们同处越海民系范围内,是该民系建筑文化的重要载体。通过比较两地古民居的建筑特征,发现在它们宏观的共性特征下,隐含着许多微观的个性元素。这些共性与个性的特征在两地古民居的布局模式、结构特征、装饰趋向等方面均有体现,使得苏皖地区古民居呈现出彼此相似但又不乏个性特色的建筑艺术特征,进而也反映了身处同一地域文化范围内传统民居的复杂性与多样性。

As the typical form of traditional buildings in the areas south of the Yangtze River,the ancient dwellings in Jiangsu-Anhui region which locate in the Yuehai clan are the important carrier of this clan culture.By comparing their architectural features,many microscopic individuality elements are found behind the macroscopic commonality of the ancient dwellings between the two regions. These commonality and individuality characteristics are displayed in the layout mode,structural features and decorative trends,etc.That is why both personality and similarity characteristics are demonstrated in the ancient dwellings of Jiangsu-Anhui region,and it is also the reason of the complexity and diversity of traditional dwellings located in the same geographical and cultural area.