表层土壤调控措施对苹果根系形态及活力的影响

Effects of surface soil management measures on apple root morphology and vitality

针对甘肃省陇东旱塬苹果园缺乏有效的表层土壤管理措施的现状,通过优化表层土壤管理方式,研究了优化化肥施用条件下,不同覆盖材料和不同有机肥对陇东红富士苹果根系形态及活力的影响.对比分析了常规管理(T1)与表层土壤调控措施(T2:覆膜+普通有机肥;T3:覆膜+微生物有机肥;T4:覆草+普通有机肥;T5:覆草+微生物有机肥)对苹果根系形态及根系活力的影响.结果表明,T5比T1的根长、根表面积、根体积和根尖数各增加了766.61cm、118.51cm2、6.64cm3和2216条,T5的根系活力比其他处理高,最高值达364.7μg/(g·h);相同有机肥条件下覆草处理效果优于覆膜处理;相同覆盖方式下微生物有机肥效果优于普通有机肥.

Duo to the lack of effective management measures in apple orchard of Longdong,Gansu Prov-ince,apple root morphology and vitality was studied by different covering materials and different organic fertilizer combination （T1 ,routine management;T2：film＋organic fertilizer;T3：film＋microbial organic fer-tilizer;T4：straw mulching＋organic fertilizer;T5：straw mulching＋microbial organic fertilizer）.The results showed that compared with T1 ,root length,root surface area,root volume and number of root tips of T5 increased respectively 766.61 cm,118.51 cm2 ,6.64 cm3 and 2216 .T5 improved root vitality significantly. Straw mulching was better than film coating under the conditions of the same organic fertilizers.Microbial organic fertilizer is better than ordinary organic fertilizer in the same coverage condition.