拜城油鸡和地方土鸡脂质成分比较分析研究

Comparative analysis Analysis of the Lipid Composition of Baicheng Fatty Chicken and Local Chicken

【目的】以拜城油鸡及地方土鸡为实验材料,对鸡肉、鸡皮中的总脂质进行比较分析,分离中性和极性脂质并进行成分鉴定,为开发功能性脂质利用于预防医学、保健品及化妆品上的应用提供科学理论基础。【方法】氯仿-甲醇改良法提取总脂质、硅胶柱层析法分离总脂质中的中性和极性脂质、薄层层析法(TLC)进行极性脂质成分鉴定。【结果】拜城油鸡和地方土鸡鸡皮中脂质含量分别为44.07%和34.88%;两种鸡不同部位鸡肉、鸡皮总脂质含量分别为胸体肉5.66%和2.8%、胸体皮分别为42.65%和27.40%;双腿肉分别为14.29%和6.55%、皮为33.33%和19.06%;翅膀肉分别为4.24%和3.97%、皮分别为23.35%和16.63%;头部肉(包括脖子)分别为9.10%和6.19%、皮分别为28.84%和23.13%。拜城油鸡和地方土鸡鸡皮极性脂质含量分别占总脂质含量的3.83%和2.68%;TLC分析结果显示拜城油鸡和地方土鸡均检测出功能性极性脂质,主要是磷脂酰乙醇胺(脑磷脂PE),磷脂酰胆碱(卵磷脂PC),磷脂酰丝氨酸(PS),鞘磷脂(SM)和甘油三酯(TL)。【结论】拜城油鸡的肌肉和鸡皮的总脂质含量以及总脂质中极性脂质占的比例均高于地方土鸡;极性脂质的TLC分离鉴定结果表明,拜城油鸡鸡皮极性脂质至少含有四种功能性组分。

[Objective] In this study,Baicheng fatty chickens and local chickens were used as the experimental materials,to conducted to comparative analysis of the total lipids of chicken skin and chicken meat,neutral and polar lipids and were separated for component identification in the hope of developing,functional lipid utilization in preventive medicine,health care products and cosmetics applications on the basis of relevant scientific theories.[Method] Chloroform-methanol improved method of extracting total lipid,and column chromatography on of silica gel were applied to separate polar lipids and neutral lipid from the total lipids.Thin layer chromatography （TLC） was used for identification of polar lipid components.[Result] Contents of total lipid in Baicheng fatty chicken and local chicken skins were 44.07% and 34.88%,respectively; Total lipid in each parts of both chicken chest body meat were 5.66% and 2.8% ;Chest body skin were 42.65% and 27.40% ; Legs meat were 14.29% and 6.55% ;Skins were 33.33% and 19.06% ; Wings meat were 4.24% and 3.97% ;Skins were 23.35% and 16.63% ;Neck and head meat were 9.10% and 6.19% ;Skins were 28.84% and 23.13%.Baicheng fatty chicken and local chicken contained 3.83% and 2.68% of polar lipidin total lipid,respectively.TLC analysis showed that functional polar lipids were detected in Baicheng fatty chicken and local chicken,which were mainly phosphatidyl ethanolamine （cephalin PE）,Phosphatidylcholine （lecithin PC）,Phosphatidylserine （PS）,Sphingomyelin （SM）,and triglycerides （TL）.[Conclusion] The total lipid in meat or skin and the proportion of polar lipid in skins total lipid of Baicheng fatty chicken were significantly higher than those of the local chicken.TLC identification analysis for polar lipids analysis showed several functional lipid components were found in Baicheng fatty chicken skins.