杭州市滨江区耕地土壤养分现状及变化特征

Status of Farmland Soil Nutrients and Its Variation Characteristics in Binjiang District, Hangzhou

为了解杭州市滨江区耕地土壤养分现状及30年来的变化特征,从而提出因地制宜的土壤肥力管理及改良措施,为促进滨江区农业可持续发展提供依据。现将滨江区耕地土壤养分现状与第二次土壤普查数据进行比较。结果表明:30年间,滨江区耕地土壤的pH趋向偏碱,影响作物生长;土壤有机质和全氮贮量较低,变化不明显;土壤速效养分磷和钾含量失衡,且变化显著,有效磷增幅大,速效钾降幅明显;土壤保肥水平较差,略有降低;土壤全盐量较高,部分样点已对作物生长产生抑制作用。为此,提出了测土配方施肥、改良盐碱化土壤、增施有机肥的技术改良措施。

In order to understand soil nutrient conditions and its variation characteristics over 30 years in Binjiang District, the author put forward proper countermeasures of soil fertility management and improvement, and promoted the sustainable development of agriculture. The author used the status of farmland soil nutrients to compare in pair with the data measured in the second national soil surveys. The results showed that： over the past 30 years, soil pH tended to slightly alkaline, affecting crop growth. The storage of organic matter and total nitrogen were low and didn＇t change significantly. Soil available phosphorus and potassium were imbalance and changed significantly; available phosphorus increased significantly while available potassium reduced obviously. Soil fertilizer level was poor and had slightly lower. The content of soil total salt was high and some samples had inhibited crop growth. Therefore, the author put forward improvement measures, such as soil testing and formula fertilizing, ameliorating alkaline soil and adding organic manure.