嗜麦芽窄食单胞菌对磺胺类抗菌药物耐药机制的研究进展

Research progress of resistance mechanism of stenotropomonas maltophilia to antimicrobial sulfonamides

嗜麦芽窄食单胞菌在正常情况下寄生于人体呼吸道和肠道内,为条件致病菌,过去由于其致病率低,临床上未能引起重视,但当机体免疫力低下、不合理使用抗菌药物或免疫抑制剂以及各种侵入性治疗操作时就容易引起交叉感染,是最重要的院内感染菌之一。该菌对多种药物天然耐药,在治疗时又容易引起获得性耐药,磺胺类抗菌药物是治疗其比较有效的药物,但最近几年由于大量使用,嗜麦芽窄食单胞菌对磺胺类抗菌药物的耐药性逐年上升,给临床治疗带来麻烦,引起临床的高度重视。

Stenotropomonas maltophilia（SMA） can be found in human respiratory tract and intestinal under normal circumstances. As a transient normal flora,it is generally not pathogenic. In the past,because of low morbidity,it obtained little attention in clinic. But low immunity,irrational use of antimicrobial drugs or immunosuppressive agents,and various invasive treatment operations are likely to cause cross-infection,which made it one of the main infectious bacteria. Stenotropomonas maltophilia has natural resistance to multiple antimicrobial agents,and it is prone to cause acquired resistance during treatment. Sulfa antibiotics are relatively effective drugs for it. But in recent years due to extensive use,Stenotropomonas maltophilia resistance to sulfa drugs has increased year by year,which causes trouble to clinical treatment. We should attach great importance to such in clinic.