对话教学理论探究——以巴赫金对话体系为基础

Exploration into the Theory of Dialogue Education ——Based on Bakhtin's Dialogue Theory

巴赫金对话理论(Dialogue Theory)是一种哲学理论,也是一种文艺理论,在西方理论界享有盛誉。将其引入教育领域,有助于深入理解对话教学本质和对话教学的必要性,并可为其提供理论基础。作为哲学理论,它聚焦于自我与他人关系,而自我认知、自我意识、自我存在意义、自我主体建构离不开他人视角,离不开与他人对话交流,对话是人类生活实质,在人类一切行为中都存在对话。教学本质上是一种主体建构,不仅要开发学生的智力,还要使其形成健全的人格,只有在教育对话中,他们的智力潜质才能得到开发,他们的人格才能外显并得到教育资源的关照。作为文艺理论,它仍然体现着哲学思想,但文艺的固有元素还拓宽了对话的视域,在探讨对话教学时也增加了新视角。

Bakhtin＇s Dialogue is both a philosophy and a theory of literature and arts, and it enjoys great reputation. With its introduction into the field of education, it greatly enhances the deeper understanding of education nature and the necessity of dialogue education, and provides a solid theoretical foundation. As a philosophy, the theory focus on the relationship between self and others, pointing out that self cognition, self consciousness, self significance and self construction can＇t be fulfilled without the perspective of others or the communication with others, and that dialogue is the nature of human existence and can be heard everywhere in human activities; while education is self construction in nature, and is the process of cultivating the intelligence potential and perfecting the personality formation.. Only in dialogue education, can the purposes be fully achieved. As theory of literature and arts, it still reflects the philosophical ideas. However, the inherent elements of literature and arts widen the scope of dialogue, and add new perspectives to dialogue education.