拳拳女子心,悠悠故国情——也谈许穆夫人及其诗《载驰》

On Lady Xumu and Her Poem Zai Chi

宗国倾覆,女子思归,《载驰》一诗的解说历来众说纷纭。《毛序》认为:夫人并未归卫,诗为设想之辞。然从东汉经学家服虔开始,诗坛有了别样的声音,他认为夫人"竟往卫也"。此后,朱熹、王先谦等学者都遵循服说而驳斥《毛序》。我们通过对字词新解——奠定感情基调;史料分析——驳"我所之";社会背景——礼制与情感的冲突这三个方面的分析,重申《毛序》说法的合理性。

The destruction of the Wei dynasty made Lady Xumu grieved for her own state . People have many divergent com- mentaries on her poem Zai Chi in all ages. MaoXu pointed out that Lady Xumu had not returned the Wei dynasty actually and her repatriation was just her imagination. However, from Fuqian, expert on Confucius classics in the Eastern Han Dynasty, to Zhuxi, Wang xianqian, they refuted MaoXu and held that Lady Xumu had returned to Wei dynasty. We just reassure that MaoXu is reson- able （ i. e Lady Xumu had not returned the Wei dynasty actually and her repatriation was just her imagination） by means of establis- hing the emotional tone from a new perspective on her words and phrases.