组合型垂直轴风力机气动特性的模拟计算与实验研究

A SIMULATION AND EXPERIMENTAL RESEARCH ON AERODYNAMIC CHARACTERISTICS OF COMBINED TYPE VERTICAL AXIS WIND TURBINE

为改善直线翼垂直轴风力机在低风速下的起动性,设计一种以Savonius风轮作为起动机与直线翼垂直轴风力机相组合构成的组合型垂直轴风力机。首先采用空气动力学原理和风洞实验经验结果设计开发垂直轴风力机空气动力特性计算软件,并进行风力机性能模拟计算,然后利用风洞实验测试组合型风力机和单独型直线翼垂直轴风力机的力矩和功率特性。将实验结果与采用气动模拟计算出的风力机气动特性结果进行对比分析,结果表明组合型风力机可在较低风速起动,可改善直线翼风力机起动特性,且最大功率系数有一定提高。但在高风速下,在风速大于8.0m/s时,组合型风力机的功率特性开始降低,特别是10.4m/s以后,阻力风轮对风力机的功率输出产生一定影响。

In order to improve the starting performance of the straight-bladed vertical axis wind turbine （ SB-VAWT）, a combined type vertical axis wind was designed by combining Savonius rotor with the SB-VAWT in this study. Firstly, vertical axis wind turbine aerodynamic characteristics calculation software were designed and performance simulation was carried out based on aerodynamics theory and the past test results. Then wind tunnel tests were made on both the combined type wind turbine and SB-VAWT. The test results were compared with the simulation results. The combined type wind turbine has a good self-starting performance at low wind speed and has a good power performance than the SB-VAWT. However, the existence of Savonius rotor affected the turbines power performance under high wind speeds. For example, when the wind speed is greater than 8.0m/s, the combination of wind turbine power characteristics is going to decrease. In particular, when the wind speed is 10. 4m/s, the Savonius had a definite impact tothe wind turbine＇s power output.