包头地区216例维持性血液透析患者流行病学、病因及死因分析

A study on the epidemiologic characteristics and cause of death 216 maintenance hemodialysis Patients

目的 回顾性研究本院终末期肾脏疾病血液透析患者流行病学特征、病因及死因.方法收集2010年5月～2013年4月本院维持性血液透析患者216例分析其原发疾病构成年龄、性别、透析治疗持续时间及转归与死因.结果 所有患者平均年龄（45.62±14.30）岁,男女之比为1.06∶1.最主要的原发疾病为高血压肾损害占31.48％,其次为慢性肾小球肾炎28.7％,第三为糖尿病肾病24.54％.其中80例仍在进行维持性血液透析治疗,血液透析时间最长者为9年,已行肾脏移植7例,转至外院治疗23例,改为腹膜透析3例,因经济困难放弃治疗23例,患者死亡38例,死亡原因主要为心力衰竭、心律失常17例,占44.7％;经济原因退出透析9例,占28.8％：脑血管意外6例,占15.8％.结论 本组患者以中老年为主,男性多见,血液透析患者主要原发疾病为高血压肾损害,其次为慢性肾小球肾炎,再次为糖尿病肾病.本组MHD患者的死亡原因主要为心脏病变、经济原因、放弃治疗和脑血管意外.

Objectives To investigate the epidemiologic characteristics of end stage renal disease （ESRD） patients undergoing hemodialysis.Methods Retrospectively analyzed the primary diseases,age,sex and dialysis age of 216 maintenance hemodialysis patients in ESRD from May 2010 to April 2013.Results The mean age of this group was （45.62 ± 14.30） years old.Of all the 216cases,the ratio for male to female was 1.06∶ 1.The main primary diseases were hypertensive nephropathy in 31.48％,chronic glomerulonephritis in 28.7％,diabetic nephropathy in 25.54％,There were also 56.86％ patients in maintenance hemodialysis and the oldest dialysis age was 9years.7 cases had been kidney transplantation,23cases had been to other hospitals,3cases transformed to peritoneal dialysis.23 cases refused further treatment,38cases had been dead The cause of death in 38 cases MHDpatients are heart failure orarrhythmia 17cases（44.7％）,quit MHD because of economic reason 9case （28.8％）,cerebral vascular accident（eVA）6case（15.8％）.Conclusions Middle and elderly male people are the main part of patients with ESRD.The main primary diseases of ESRD patients undergoing hemodialysis are hypertensive nephropathy,chronic glomerulonephritis,and.diabetic nephropathy.The main causes of death in MHD patients are cardiovascular accident,economic reason and cerebral vascular accident.