中国城镇老年人的居住意愿对空巢居住的影响

The Impact of Living Willingness on Empty-nest Living of Urban Elderly in China

实证研究发现,超过半数的中国城镇老年人在居住意愿上选择空巢居住,而近十年来,中国城镇老年人空巢的比例也呈现明显的增长趋势,且越来越倾向于与子女分开居住,中低龄老年人愿意空巢居住的比例更高。就2000年至2010年中国城镇老年人的居住意愿对实际居住方式的影响进行了研究。老年人的居住意愿对其居住方式有重要影响,不愿意与子女同住、经济状况好、有配偶、没有儿子、生活能完全自理的老年人更倾向于空巢居住。与十年前相比,生活自理能力对居住方式的影响增强。未来不愿意与子女同住的老人将越来越多,老年空巢家庭的比例将会继续增加。为了更好地适应老年人空巢居住的变化趋势,应尽快完善社会养老服务体系。

This empirical research turns out nowadays over half of the urban elderly in China have living willingness of empty nest living. In recent 10 years, the percentage of empty nest living of the urban elderly has been rising. Meanwhile, more and more urban elderly agree to live separately from their children. The elderly aged below 80 are more willing to empty nest living. This paper made an analysis of the impact of living willingness on empty nest of urban elderly in 2000 and 2010 and found among all determinants of empty nest, the living willing ness is predominant. The urban elderly who are unwilling to live with children, affluent, having spouse, no sons, completely independent in daily living, are more prone to empty nest living. Compared with 10 years ago,ADL has more and more impact on living arrangements. It can be inferred that the urban elderly who are unwilling to live with children together will increase. Therefore the percentage of empty nest families of the elderly is going up. It＇ s urgent to per fect social service system to adapt to the trends of empty nest living of the elderly.