台州地区儿童呼吸道感染非典型病原体检出情况分析

Analysis of atypical pathogens detection results in children with respiratory tract infection in Taizhou

目的了解台州地区儿童呼吸道感染非典型病原体的检出状况,为临床抗感染治疗提供依据。方法采用间接免疫荧光法,检测嗜肺军团菌、肺炎支原体、Q热立克次体、肺炎衣原体、腺病毒、呼吸道合胞病毒、甲型流感病毒、乙型流感病毒、副流感病毒1、2和3型的IgM抗体。结果 2427份标本中,9种常见非典型病原体抗体(IgM)均有检出,总阳性率为33.9%;以MP最为常见,检出率为24.2%。混合感染112例,占13.6%。非典型病原体感染以冬季最高,其次是秋季。≤3岁组检测阳性率最高(65.3%)。结论间接免疫荧光法检测IgM抗体简便、快速,适合临床快速诊断。肺炎支原体是台州地区儿童呼吸道感染的主要病原体;≤3岁组非典型病原体感染率最高,在呼吸道感染高发的秋冬季节,应加强防范。

Objective To understand the atypical pathogens distribution in children with respiratory tract infection in Taizhou area,and provide basis for clinical anti- infective therapy. Methods Indirect immunofluorescence assay was used to detect the IgM antibody of atypical pathogens in 2427 specimens from children with respiratory tract infection,such as legionella pneumophila,mycoplasma pneumoniae,Q fever rickettsia,chlamydia pneumoniae,adenovirus,respiratory syncytial virus,influenza A virus,influenza B virus,parainfluenza virus. Results IgM of 9 atypical pathogens were all detected in 2427 samples,the total positive rate was 33. 9%. Mycoplasma pneumonia was the most common pathogen,with the positive rate 24. 2%. One hundred and twelve cases were found polyinfection,accounting for 13. 6%. Atypical pathogens infection rate was found highest in winter,followed by the autumn. Children under 3 years old were most susceptible to atypical pathogens infection,and the infection rate was 65. 3%. Conclusion IgM detection by indirect immunofluorescence antibody is simple and fast,suitable for clinical rapid diagnosis. Mycoplasma pneumoniae is the main pathogen in children with respiratory tract infections in Taizhou area. The infection rates of atypical pathogens are found highest in children under 3 years old,so more attention should be paid to this population in the high- incidence seasons of respiratory tract infection to prevent the occurrence of infection.