不同生态条件下玉米单倍体诱导率和加倍率研究

Study on Induction Rate and Doubling Rate of Maize Haploid under Different Ecological Conditions

以8个不同基因型组合为母本、玉米单倍体诱导系JS6-1为父本,在三亚、长春和长岭3种生态环境下研究了单倍体的诱导率、自然加倍率和秋水仙素加倍率。结果表明:不同地点和不同基因型材料的玉米单倍体诱导率、自然加倍率和秋水仙素加倍率之间差异显著。在三亚的单倍体诱导率、自然加倍率和秋水仙素加倍率显著高于长春和长岭,长春的自然加倍率和秋水仙素加倍率显著高于长岭,但单倍体诱导率无显著差异,三亚更适合玉米单倍体诱导和加倍。不同基因型组合的诱导率和加倍率也存在显著差异,由DH系L16所配组合J13×L16(先锋父本×先锋父本DH系)的诱导率和加倍率均显著高于其他组合。选择合适生态条件和基础材料,加强田间管理是提高单倍体育种效率的关键措施。

Using inducer JS6- 1 as male parent,8 different genetic combinations as female parent, statistics on maize haploid induction rate and doubling rate in Changchun,Changling and Sanya under 3 different ecological conditions were analyzed. The results indicated that there were significant differences on haploid induction rate,natural and Colchicine doubling rates of maize haploid in different places and on different genotypes. Induction rate,natural and Colchicine doubling rates were significantly higher than those in Changchun and Changling. Natural and Colchicine doubling rates in Changchun were significantly higher than those in Changling,but no significant differences in haploid induction rate. Maize induction and double haploid were more suitable for Sanya. There were also significant differences in induction and doubling rates of different genotypes. From DH16 line,induction and doubling rates of combinations L13 × L16（ pioneer male parent × pioneer male parent DH line） were significantly higher than those of other combinations. Selecting appropriate location and basic materials and strengthening field management were the key measures to improve the efficiency of maize haploid breeding.