六硝基六氮杂异伍兹烷合成工艺研究进展

Research Progress in Synthesis of Hexanitrohexaazaisowurtzitane

综述了近年来针对高能量高密度化合物六硝基六氮杂异伍兹烷(HNIW或CL-20)合成工艺的制造和改进的研究进展,对以六苄基六氮杂异伍兹烷(HBIW)为中间体的3条工程化制造路线的优缺点和应用情况进行了讨论,并对合成CL-20的新工艺路线存在新型异伍兹烷前体合成及其硝化产率都很低,副反应多,异伍兹烷笼形立体结构易破裂等难点进行了分析,得出CL-20的低成本制造技术发展方向为寻求新型高效的催化剂和探索新合成工艺路线的结论。

The progress in synthesis and engineering manufacture of high energy and density compound hexanitro-hexaazaisowurtzitane （HNIW or CL-20） is reviewed. The advantages, drawbacks and applications of three main approaches to the engineering manufacture of CL-20 based on hexabenzylhexaazai- sowurtzitane （HBIW） intermediate are discussed, the difficulty in developing new synthetic routes for CL- 20 is also analyzed. The result shows that the synthesis and nitration efficiencies of the new isosowurtzitane precursor are low, and its cage-dimensional structure is easily broken. The developing tends on lowering CL-20 production cost is to seek new efficient catalysts and explore new synthesis routes.