小型客车通过橡胶减速带时的振动分析

Analysis on the Vibration by the Car Crossing the Speed Bumps

为了研究车辆通过橡胶减速带过程中引起的振动特性,以安装在水泥路面、规格为350mm×45mm的橡胶型减速带为研究对象,通过实测小型客车在空载条件下通过减速带时引起的振动时域信号,分析振动时域信号波形的波谷、波形极值的大小和形成时间差以及通过减速带前后的速度差。结果表明:当小型客车以大于30 km/h速度通过减速带时,在轮胎撞击减速带和冲击地面瞬间,前轮引起的振动强度大于后轮的振动强度;验证了车轮通过减速带时存在"车轮撞击减速带、车轮在减速带滚动和车轮冲击地面"3个假设过程;从而得出"车速越高、减速效果越明显"的结论。

In order to study the characteristics of vibration caused by the car crossing speed bumps, the rubber speed humps（350 mm × 45 mm） installed on the concrete pavement were set as the research object. Through measuring the time-domain signal of the vibration by the car crossing the speed bumps in no-load condition and analysis of the characteristics values of the vibration signal, the results showed that the intensity of vibration caused by front wheel was greater than the rear wheels at the moment of wheels hitting speed bumps and ground when the car speed was faster than 30 km/h. The assumed processes including wheels hitting the speed bumps, wheels crossing the speed bumps, the wheels falling down on the ground can be verified. The conclusion of the faster of speed crossing speed bumps, the slowing effects more significant has be found.