风洞模拟自然横风条件下绝缘子带电积污特性

Contamination Depositing Characteristics of Insulators Under Natural Crosswind Conditions with Wind Tunnel Simulation

为研究绝缘子在自然条件下的积污特性,利用风洞实验室模拟自然气候条件,分别研究了复合绝缘子、瓷双伞绝缘子、瓷三伞绝缘子和瓷钟罩绝缘子在不同电压极性和不同电压大小下的积污特性,并进行对比分析。结果表明:在风洞实验条件下,复合绝缘子具有较短的饱和周期;复合绝缘子的平均灰密较大,瓷绝缘子较小;瓷钟罩绝缘子下表面灰密大于上表面灰密,其余均是上表面灰密较大;复合和瓷绝缘子均是背风面灰密略大于相应位置的迎风面灰密;正电压对绝缘子上表面灰密增大作用明显;负电压对绝缘子下表面灰密增大作用明显;绝缘子灰密和带电的大小不是严格的线性关系。

For studying the contamination deposition on insulator under natural conditions, we simulated natural climate conditions in a wind tunnel laboratory and experimentally investigated the contamination depositing on four kinds of insulators, namely composite insulator, two-shed type porcelain insulator, three-shed type porcelain insulator, and bell type porcelain insulator, under voltages of different polarities and different magnitudes. Then the experimental results were compared. The results show that, in the wind tunnel, composite insulator has shortest saturation cycle; composite insulator has comparatively larger NSDD while porcelain insulator has comparatively smaller NSDD; bell type porcelain has larger NSDD on its lower surface than that on its upper surface, which is opposite to the rest tested insulators, i.e., NSDD of upper surfaces is larger than that of lower surfaces; for both composite insulator and porcelain insulator, their leeside NSDD are slightly larger than their windward side NSDD; while positive voltage shows an obvious effect on increasing NSDD of insulator＇s upper surfaces, negative voltage＇s enhancing effect are observed more on lower surfaces of insulators; there is no strict linear relationship between insulator＇s NSDD and voltage magnitude.