农村绝经后妇女性生活满意度及其影响因素分析

Sexual satisfaction and its influencing factors of postmenopausal women in rural areas

为了探索影响农村绝经后妇女性生活满意度的因素,从而为开展老年妇女保健提供科学依据,笔者于2012年3—8月采用多阶段随机抽样方法对重庆市5个区县农村绝经后妇女采用统一方法进行问卷调查和体检。结果显示,重庆市农村绝经后妇女对目前性生活满意和不满意的分别占83.7%和16.3%。单因素分析显示,绝经后妇女性生活满意度与其婚姻状况、文化程度、家庭收入、家庭结构、是否患有妇科疾病、最近两周是否有生殖道不适、起居方式、是否需要性生活、性生活频率、老年性保健知识、自觉体力状态及自觉生活状态等12个变量有关（P〈0.05）;多因素Logistic回归分析显示,分居方式（比值比（OR）=1.711,95%置信区间（CI）为1.334～2.194）、性生活频率高（OR=1.694,95%CI为1.334～2.152）、自觉体力状态差（OR=1.281,95%CI为1.018～1.613）是危险因素,家庭收入高（OR=0.651,95%CI为0.512～0.826）和既往有妇科疾病（OR=0.689,95%CI为0.486～0.977）是保护因素。因此,农村存在多种影响绝经后妇女性生活满意度的相关因素,应重视对绝经后妇女的性教育,改善她们的生活质量。

To explore the factors affecting women＇s sexual satisfaction after menopause in rural areas,thus to provide scientific evidence for elder women＇s health,the authors used a multi-stage random sampling method on postmenopausal women in rural areas from five areas of Chongqing from March to August 2012. We adopted a unified approach questionnaire and physical examination. The results showed that the proportion of rural postmenopausal women＇s sexual satisfaction and dissatisfaction accounted for 83.7 % and 16.3 %,respectively. The univariate analysis showed that postmenopausal women＇s sexual satisfaction was correlated with 12 variables（P〈0.05） including their marital status,education level,household income,family structure,whether suffering from gynecological diseases,genital tract discomfort last two weeks,living way,the need for sex,frequency of sexual life,sexual health knowledge of gerontism,perceived physical condition and conscious living conditions. The multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the separation methods（odds ratio（OR） =1.711,95 % confidence interval（CI） is 1.334～2.194）,a high frequency of sexual life（OR=1.694,95 % CI is 1.334～2.152）,poor performance status conscious（OR=1.281,95 % CI is 1.018～1.613） were risk factors,while the high household income（OR=0.651,95 % CI is 0.512～0.826） and a history of gynecological diseases（OR=0.689,95 % CI is 0.486～0.977） were protective factors. Therefore,there were varieties of relevant factors affecting rural postmenopausal women＇s sexual satisfaction. Postmenopausal women should be paid attention to sex education so as to improve their life quality.