吊瓜茎尖脱毒技术研究

Study on Stem Apex Detoxification of Trichosanthes kirilowii

为获取脱病毒吊瓜组培苗,实现大规模优质吊瓜种苗生产,以越蒌四号带毒吊瓜组培苗为材料,研究恒温、变温热处理时间和茎尖大小对组培苗生长及茎尖苗脱毒效果的影响。结果表明,处理时间相同时变温热处理比恒温热处理组培苗的成活率高,越蒌四号吊瓜组培苗宜选择变温热处理5～15d,试管苗的成活率在90%～100%;在变温热处理时间相同时,茎尖越小,脱毒率越高,但成活率也越低。综合考虑认为,在保证成活率和脱毒率条件下,越蒌四号吊瓜宜选用变温热处理10d后剥取0.2～0.4mm的茎尖进行培养,此方法成活率可达60%,脱毒率达100%。

The tissue culture plantlets with toxicity of Yuelou 4（Trichosanthes kirilowii variety）were treated under constant and variable temperature for different days to study effects of constant and variable temperature treatment on growth of the tissue culture plantlets and the effect of variable temperature treatment and stem apex size on stem apex detoxification by RT-PCR.The results showed that the survival rate of tissue culture plantlets under variable temperature was higher than that under constant temperature for the same treatment days and the survival rate of tissue culture plantlets under variable temperature for 5-15dwas up to 90%～100%.The smaller the stem apex,the higher the detoxification rate under variable temperature for the same days but the lower the survival rate.The survival rate and detoxification rate of stem apex with 0.2～0.4mm isolated from plantlets under variable temperature treatment for 10dcould reach 60%and 100%respectively in view of rational survival rate and detoxification rate.