西藏林芝地区经济林主要病虫害的种类与危害

Species and Occurrance of Pests and Diseases of Economic Forest in Linzhi Region

为摸清林芝地区经济林主要病虫害种类及危害情况,采用随机取样与样方相结合的方法,对林芝地区经济林主要病虫害进行了调查。结果表明,林芝地区经济林主要病害有24种,包括真菌病害21种,细菌病害2种,生理性病害1种,以林芝县和米林县病害发生种类最多,均占70%以上;危害较重的病害有桃缩叶病、桃树流胶病、桃褐腐病、苹果-桧柏锈病和苹果炭疽病,主要危害桃树和苹果树,发病率在50%以上。经济林害虫28种,包括鞘翅目12种、同翅目9种、鳞翅目5种、半翅目1种、蜱螨目1种,以察隅县发生种类最多,占60.7%;桃蚜、桃粉蚜、桃小食心虫和苹果绵蚜危害最严重,受害株率在50%以上;主要病虫害中,桃树根癌病为检疫性病害,苹果绵蚜为检疫性虫害。

To understand the species and harm condition of plant diseases and insect pests of economic forest,the major pests and diseases were investigated by random sampling and plot-quadrat method. Results：There were 24kinds of main plant diseases in Linzhi region,including 21kinds of fungal diseases,two kinds of bacterial diseases,one physiological disease.The species of plant diseases was the most in Linzhi and Milin County,accounting for more than 70% respectively.The serious diseases included peach leaf-curl,peach bleeding disease,peach brown rot,apple-juniper rust disease and apple anthracnose,mainly hazarding peach and apple trees,the morbidity was over 50%.The major pests were 28species.They belonged to Coleopteran（12species）,Homoptera（9species）,Lepidoptera（5species）, Hemiptera（1species）and Acarina（1species）.The species was the most in Cayu County,accounting for 60.7%;black peach aphid,Hyalopterus amygdale,peach fruit moth and woolly apple aphid hazarded the most serious,the injured plant rate was more than 50%.The peach Agrobacterium tumefaciens was quarantine disease and woolly apple aphid was quarantine insect pest.