山洪灾害监测预警系统建设的思考与建议

Considerations and Suggestions on the Monitoring and Early Warning System Construction of Mountain Torrent Disasters

结合对山洪灾害防治实施方案的审查和现场检查情况,阐述了山洪灾害监测预警系统建设的必要性和山洪灾害监测预警系统建设的目标与思路,建议:①山洪灾害防御应突出"简"与"快",不宜使用复杂的水力学模型进行预报计算;②系统建设应注重监测站网布设的合理性、预警指标设置的准确性、系统设施设备的安全性、预警发布形式的灵活性、整个系统的有机完整性;③系统建设应确保"避险区"的安全、确保弱势群体的安全;④做到强化落实各级责任制、强化系统的运行维护、强化信息资源共享。

Based on the review of the mountain torrent disasters prevention schemes and the on-site inspection,the paper analyzed the necessity, objective and way of the monitoring and early warning system construction of mountain torrent disasters. Suggestions were put forward as follows：a） The way of mountain torrents disaster prevention should be“non-complicated”and“quick”,and the complex hydraulic model in prediction and calculation is not recommended;b）The system construction should focus on five aspects as reasonability of the monitoring network layout,accuracy of the early warning index,safety of the monitoring facilities and equipments,flexibility of the early warning release,and integrity of the system;c）The system should ensure the safety of the hedging district and vulnerable groups;d）It should be strengthened in the accountability system of mountain torrents disasters prevention at all levels,the system operating maintenance and the sharing of information resources.