南宋道学周边考据学的形成与影响

The Formation and the Influence of the Textual Criticism surrounding the Neo-Confucianism——Confucianism in Southern Song Dynasty

两宋学术尽管存在诸多不同,但同时也表现出极大的继承性。经历两宋之际的学派整合与文化重组,王安石的新学逐渐式微,而元祐学术则得到不同程度的承续。南宋中期以前,众多文士因家学、地方传统、个人学术选择等原因,受欧阳修、苏轼、司马光等文史传统影响较大,形成与道学不尽相同的重视文献考据的"汉学"学术路向。二者相互论争、彼此影响,共同构成多元的南宋学术。南宋中期以后,逐渐进入主流的道学,体现出越来越强烈的狭隘性和排他性,但其发展也正是在周边考据汉学的影响下,走完了自身逻辑和历史过程。

Although there are many differences between academic researches in Northern song Dynasty and Southern Song Dynasty, they showed great consistency. After the integration of different academic schools and cultural restructuring, Wang Anshi＇s 〃New School＂gradually declined, while＂Yuanyou School 〃 was inherited in varying degrees. Before Mid-Southern Song, numerous literati were influenced by the cultural and historical traditions of Ouyang Xiu, Su Shi, and Sima Guang due to family learning, local traditions, personal academic selection and other reasons. They formed a new paradigm of textual criticism different from Neo-Confucianism. They debated with each other and influenced each other, which constituted the diverse academic studies in Southern Song Dynasty. After the Mid-Southern Song Dynasty, Neo-Confucianism was gradually recognized as the mainstream and became increasingly narrow and exclusive. However, the completion of Neo-Confucianism＇s own logic and historical process was under the influence of the surrounding textual criticism school.