缫丝张力对丝纤维结构与力学性能的影响

Effect of Reeling Tension on Structure and Mechanical Property of Silk Fiber

通过改变缫丝速度和丝道结构调节张力,在不同的缫丝张力下缫制生丝,研究缫丝张力对丝纤维结构及力学性能的影响。利用扫描电子显微镜、X射线衍射仪、声速取向测定仪、纤维强力仪等分析了缫丝张力对生丝纵向形态、结晶度、声速取向因子、力学性能的影响。结果表明:缫丝张力对丝纤维表面形态无明显影响;由缫丝速度的提高而增大的张力,会导致生丝的结晶度提高,同时生丝的取向因子也增大,而断裂伸长率降低;因丝道改变而增大的张力,会使生丝的结晶度和取向因子减小,但对断裂伸长率影响不明显。

This paper studies the influence of reeling tension on silk fiber structure and mechanical property by adjusting different the tension by changing reeling speed and silk channel structure reeling tensions and analyzes the influence of reeling tension on and making raw silk through reeling under longitudinal form, degree of crystallinity, sound velocity orientation factor and mechanical property of raw silk by using scanning electron microscope, X-ray diffractometer, sound velocity orientation tester and fiber strength meter. The result shows that reeling tension does not have significant influence on surface morphology of silk fiber ; tension increasing with the increase of reeling speed will cause the increase of degree of crystallinity of raw silk, increase of orientation factor of raw silk and decrease of elongation at break; tension increasing due to the change of silk channel will cause the decrease of degree of crystallinity and orientation factor of raw silk, but does not have significant influence on elongation at break.