墨子“鬼神”观新论

On Mo Tzu's Ghosts and Spirits

自墨学研究兴盛以来,学者大多认为墨子继承殷商尚鬼风气,以其"天志"、"明鬼"思想为宗教思想。但《墨子》文本关于鬼神的论述有不少自相矛盾的地方,其内在逻辑以及新近问世的简帛文献都可以证明墨子并不相信作为人格神的天和鬼神的实有,他提出"天志"、"明鬼"的目的是要建立一个法的体系。

Since more and more people have studied Mo Tzu , many scholars believed that Mo Tzu advanced common practice of supernatural power from the Xia and Shang Dynasties . The scholars considered“ the will of Heaven” , “spirits and ghosts” as his religious ideology . But there are many contradictions on spirits and ghosts in the book Mo Tzu . The inner logic in the book and documents excavated recently proved Mo Tzu didnt believe spirits and ghosts really existed . He wanted to build a law system by the way of supernatural power .