彼得·伯格的“方法论上的无神论”

On Peter Berger's Methodological Atheism

作为社会学家们研究宗教时所采取的一种立场,彼得·伯格的"方法论上的无神论"被广为接受,但亦不乏争议。该文研究发现,"方法论上的无神论"概念的结构可简单表述为在社会学理论化的参照框架之内,研究者们必须把"超自然者"、"宗教对真理的诸种声称"和"涉及到非经验的实在的宗教经验"严格地加上括号;并且,宗教必须被看成是人类的投射和产物。

As a stance taken by sociologists in studying religion,Peter Berger’s Methodological Atheism is widely accepted,but it has also stimulated some controversies.Through carefully reading on the related texts,we discover that the concept has the following structure.We can formulate it in this way,that is, within the frame of reference of sociological theorizing,investigators must place rigorous brackets on the supernatural,the religious claims of truth and religious experiences concerning non-empirical reality,and religion must be seen as human projection and product.