从畸变到遁逝——浪漫主义在当代中国

From Distortion to Disappearance:Romanticism in Modern China

"五四"时期有过短暂的浪漫主义潮流,1930年代,逐渐形成了独尊现实主义的趋势,1950年代,甚至产生了现实主义与反现实主义的公式。1958年,在毛泽东有关革命现实主义和革命浪漫主义相结合的观点的基础上概括出了"两结合"的创作方法,提高了浪漫主义的地位,有利于将浪漫主义作为文学史上的一个独立流派来加以认识,但在大跃进的背景下,"两结合"创作方法的提倡导致了虚假、浮夸等弊病,引起了浪漫主义的畸变。"文革"结束后,由于对"文革"虚假的浪漫主义的反拨,提出了"恢复现实主义传统"的口号,浪漫主义受到普遍的诟病和排斥。由于社会现实和思想文化的变化,浪漫主义逐渐从文坛遁逝。

In spite of the short wave of romanticism during the May Fourth period,it was replaced by the dominance of realism in the 1930s,and 1950s even saw the formula of realism and anti-realism. In 1958, Mao Zedong proposed the combination of revolutionary realism and revolutionary romanticism, and im- proved the status of romanticism,helping restore romanticism as a recognizable school of literature. How- ever, during the Great Leap forward period, the ＂combination＂ method led to the distortion of romanti- cism. After the Cultural Revolution,as a result of correcting the false romanticism, romanticism was rejec- ted and criticized and gave way to ＂restoration of realistic tradition＂. With the change of social reality and ideology and culture, romanticism gradually faded in Chinese literary arena.